C++ LANGUAGE STANDARD EXCEPTION

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C++ LANGUAGE STANDARD EXCEPTION

C++ Standard Exceptions 

C++ provides a list of standard exceptions defined in 
<exception> which we can use in our programs. 
These are arranged in a parent-child class hierarchy shown below: 

Here is the small description of each 
exception mentioned in the above hierarchy: 


Exception           Description 

std::exception          An exception and parent class of all the standard C++ exceptions. 

std::bad_alloc          This can be thrown by new. 

std::bad_cast          This can be thrown by dynamic_cast. 

std::bad_exception  This is useful device to handle 
                        unexpected exceptions in a C++ program.
 
std::bad_typeid  This can be thrown by typeid. 

std::logic_error  An exception that theoretically 
                        can be detected by reading the code. 

std::domain_error  This is an exception thrown when 
                        a mathematically invalid domain is used. 

std::invalid_argument  This is thrown due to invalid arguments. 

std::length_error  This is thrown when a too big std::string is created. 

std::out_of_range  This can be thrown by the ‘at’ method, for example 
                        a std::vector and std::bitset<>::operator[]().
 
std::runtime_error  An exception that theoretically cannot 
                        be detected by reading the code. 

std::overflow_error  This is thrown if a mathematical overflow occurs. 

std::range_error  This is occurred when you try to store a value which is out of range. 

std::underflow_error  This is thrown if a mathematical underflow occurs.