C++ LANGUAGE VARIABLES PAGE 12

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C++ LANGUAGE VARIABLES

C++ LANGUAGE VARIABLES 


Several of the basic types can be modified using one or 
more of these type modifiers: 

• signed 

• unsigned 

• short 



• long 

The following table shows the variable type, how much memory it takes to 
store the value in memory, and what is maximum and minimum value which can 
be stored in such type of variables. 



Type 	               Typical Bit Width 	   Typical Range 
char 	               1byte 	                   -127 to 127 or 0 to 255 
unsigned char 	       1byte 	                   0 to 255 
signed char 	       1byte 	                   -127 to 127 
int 	               4bytes 	                   -2147483648 to 2147483647 
unsigned int 	       4bytes 	                   0 to 4294967295 
signed int 	       4bytes 	                   -2147483648 to 2147483647 
short int 	       2bytes 	                   -32768 to 32767 
unsigned short int     Range 	                   0 to 65,535 
signed short int       Range 	                   -32768 to 32767 
long int 	       4bytes 	                   -2,147,483,647 to 2,147,483,647 
signed long int        4bytes 	                   same as long int 
unsigned long int      4bytes 	                   0 to 4,294,967,295 
float 	               4bytes 	                   +/- 3.4e +/- 38 (~7 digits) 
double 	               8bytes 	                   +/- 1.7e +/- 308 (~15 digits) 
long double 	       8bytes 	                   +/- 1.7e +/- 308 (~15 digits) 
wchar_t 	       2 or 4 bytes 	           1 wide character 


The size of variables might be different from those shown in 
the above table, depending on the compiler and the computer 
you are using. 
Following is the example, which will produce correct size of 
various data types on your computer. 

#include <iostream> 

using namespace std; 
 
int main() 
{ 
   cout << "Size of char : " << sizeof(char) << endl; 
   cout << "Size of int : " << sizeof(int) << endl; 
   cout << "Size of short int : " << sizeof(short int) << endl; 
   cout << "Size of long int : " << sizeof(long int) << endl; 
   cout << "Size of float : " << sizeof(float) << endl; 
   cout << "Size of double : " << sizeof(double) << endl; 
   cout << "Size of wchar_t : " << sizeof(wchar_t) << endl; 
   return 0; 
} 

This example uses endl, which inserts a new-line character after every 
line and << operator is being used to pass multiple values out to 
the screen. We are also using sizeof() function to get size of various data types. 
When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following 

result which can vary from machine to machine: 

Size of char : 1 
Size of int : 4 
Size of short int : 2 
Size of long int : 4 
Size of float : 4 
Size of double : 8 
Size of wchar_t : 4